Determining overall risk factors for cardiovascular disease can be challenging, especially when it comes to women who have multiple risk factors to test for and monitor. Regardless of the sex, every individual should work with their doctors to efficiently manage the risk factors. One should adopt a healthy lifestyle inclusive of regular physical exercise and a heart-healthy diet to ensure a long shelf-life. A healthy lifestyle can keep cardiovascular disease at bay.
Cardiac arrests and heart attacks are the most life-threatening of all cardiac emergencies. A victim would require immediate treatment for survival with the most appropriate treatment being proper application of the life-saving CPR procedures. The techniques comprise chest compressions and rescue breaths. For a CPR class Tampa, make sure to sign up in an accredited training center such as the AHA certified CPR Tampa in Florida. Both theoretical and practical training are imparted to the students.
Tests for Diagnosing Cardiovascular Disease:
One should seek immediate help if one notices any heart attack warning signs or stroke symptoms or are concerned about the risk factors in general. Such emergencies require immediate attention. The tests to determine the risk of heart disease include
1. Blood tests
2. Electrocardiography (EKG or ECG)
3. Echocardiography
4. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
5. Stress tests
6. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA scan)
7. Ankle-brachial index test (ABI)
8. Cardiac catheterization (angiography)
Risk Factors:
One should be aware of the risk factors which will enable an individual in efficiently managing them. The best way to manage cardiovascular disease is by managing the risk factors well. It is important for women to get a mammogram every year as it is important to check on your cardiovascular system. Your primary care physician or cardiologist may recommend certain tests according to the risk factors. The biggest risk factors include high blood pressure and high cholesterol. It is crucial to check the blood pressure and cholesterol, especially for women after menopause, even if you've never had any symptoms of cardiovascular disease. The ideal LDL (bad) cholesterol level is 100mg/dL or below, especially if one has risk factors such as high blood pressure, are obese, or have a family history of heart disease. For women, the target HDL (good) cholesterol level is above 50 mg/dL. When it comes to blood pressure, it should not go above 140/90 mmHg for long periods of time.
Facts about Tests:
Both men and women get cardiovascular disease but the best way to treat it may be different. As per researchers, a traditional diagnostic test for heart disease - an angiogram - may not identify a condition that is more common in women, called microvascular disease (dysfunction of the tiny blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood). Research is still going on about how microvascular disease can be best diagnosed. A cardiologist may diagnose someone with this disease if one has the following:
1. Chest pain (also known as angina) during routine activities.
2. Known risk factors for heart disease, such as diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension), obesity, smoking, a family history of heart disease, etc.
3. An angiogram that may not show blockages in major bloods vessels of the heart but a stress test that indicates reduced blood flow to the organ.
Heart attack warning signs in women:
It is important to call the emergency medical services by dialing 911 if you have one or a combination of the following symptoms:
1. Sudden onset of weakness, shortness of breath, nausea/ vomiting, indigestion, fatigue, body aches, or overall feeling of illness (without chest pain)
2. Unusual feeling or mild discomfort in the back, chest, arm, neck, or jaw (without chest pain)
3. Sleep disturbance
4. Anxiety
These signs are particularly common in women. Some of the signs not unique to women are
1. Chest pain or discomfort (Remember: Heart attacks are not always preceded by chest pain).
2. Pain radiating to the neck, shoulder, back, arm or jaw.
3. Pounding heart, change in rhythm.
4. Difficulty breathing.
5. Heartburn, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain.
6. Cold sweats or clammy skin.
7. Dizziness.
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